cobalt mine in Gyeongsan

At the early 20th century, Japanese were constructing railway past 경산 Gyeongsan. The railway connected 부산 Busan, the major port of southern Korea and 서울 Seoul. Then, the country name was 조선 Joseon, not Korea. Joseon was the traditional kingdom and hermit country. People cared nothing either for western capitalism or for industrialization.

One of Joseon's neighbors, Japan was totally different though. They accepted the western culture actively and began to industrialize earlier than the other countries in Asia. The political situation around Joseon didn't allow it to remain peacefully any longer. Britain, Japan, China, Russia, America, and France were engaged in the diplomatic and military struggle for hegemony in Joseon. Especially the three countries surrounding Joseon, Japan, China, and Russia were more active and aggressive. Out of all them, Japan didn't conceal the conspiracy to colonize Joseon. Finally, Japan opened two wars against China and Russia and defeated them.

In 1910, Japan annexed and colonized Joseon against the will of the Joseon people. Many Japanese crossed the sea. Some also arrived at Gyeongsan by train. Japanese completed the construction of railway 5 years earlier before colonization. Japanese in Gyeongsan built their own houses and cultivated land to grow various fruits. Besides, they found cobalt in the mountain near Gyeongsan. Cobalt is a very important material for ammunition industry, which is used for manufacturing rifles and canons. Japanese built a large-scale refinery facility at the nearby cobalt mine. The refined cobalt was transported to Gyeongsan station by cable and to Busan by train. The final destination was ammunition factories in Japan. The picture above is somewhere in the ruins of refinery facility.

After Japan was defeated in World War Two, Korea was liberated from Japan on August 15, 1945, and Japanese living in Gyeonsan left all their properties including their houses, orchards and cobalt mine, and returned to Japan. But the situation was not acceptable and incredible to many of them, so they thought they would come back their old homes in Korea as soon as possible but their dreams didn't come true.

Time has passed. Now the lingering traces of colonial age still remain and show us what the delusion of Japanese imperialism was like.

rain gutter, peaches & lotus pond

Gutter made of zinc sheet is unusual, not traditional in Korea. It looks like that the owner of the house preferred them in this case, repairing gutter tiles.

Ripening peaches are seen in the orchards around Gyeongsan. Can you look for a red dragonfly in a lotus pond?

Pashupatinath & Vajrayogini

Pashupatinath Mandir is Nepal's oldest and holiest Hindu pilgrimage site and one of the most impressive places in Nepal. Bagmati river flows on the east of Kathmandu, which is one of the branches of Ganga or Ganges river. The river flows just in front of this site, the picture above.

Pashupatinath, dedicated to Lord of the animals(Lord Shiva), has Ghat used for ritual bathing and cremation. You can see cremation ceremony and corpses burning on the banks of the river. The ashes are cast into the river after the bodies are burned.

Sanku which was once an important trading post between Lhasa and Kathmandu is a very old and romantic Newar village and lies 23 km east of Kathmandu, Nepal. Vajrayogini Mandir dedicated to the tantric goddess Vajrayogini is nearby located in the north of the village. This Hindu temple was built in 1665 and is surrounded by the other small temple, old trees, and statues and so on.

summer scenery

Rainy Mountains & Ripening Grapes

Ladybug & Raindrops

The Korean War(June 25, 1950~ July 27,1953)

The Korean War broke out on June 25, 1950, when North Korean troops crossed the 38th parallel, the dividing line between the two Koreas, invading the South. The United Nations forces from 16 countries, including the United States, Britain, Turkey, and Australia, supported the South against the communist North backed by China.

The photos show refugees moving to the south in the east of South Korea(July 28, 1950) and a war orphan crying on the street(Aug. 8, 1950).(Image files from National Archives and Records Administration, US)

baby pheasant below June sky

Baby pheasants that I had met on the mountain were so fast that I could not take a picture of them. But one baby gave me a chance before running away.

magpie house

This old and characteristic house had been built and used by Koreans living in the cold areas. The roof is made of rice straws, and rooms for people and cowhouse are together inside the walls. The owner wanted to protect his family and livestock from the sharp coldness of winter. A big door to cowhouse is seen on the left.

There are two holes in the middle of the roof, which were designed for good ventilation. People call this magpie house because the holes just look like magpie's nests.

small sketches

Various living things are found in nature. It seems like that they have their own language and world. Sometimes some of them look as busy as human beings. It is surprised to see them work very hard without any stress and rest.

This sandal made in Thailand is very light, comfortable and cheap. I often take a walk wearing this one. One sunny day, a butterfly sat on my big toe while I was sitting in the woods, and it was sketched briefly.

Road, stream and cherry trees are sketched, and stepping stones across the stream are also seen.

Birds & Ladybug-beetle

Chao Phraya River in Bangkok

Stuff on the desk

Mountain and tree in spring 2004. Time flies so fast.

Nandi & Linga

trail & cat

went hiking in the nearby mountains yesterday and found a cat in the peach orchard. It sat on a branch comfortably, staring at me.

old building in Tansen bazar

Tansen is one of the most impressive towns of Nepal, which, still untouched by many tourists, is located on a large plateau at an elevation of 1,350m (4,430 ft). This bazar in the middle of town was set up by Newari merchants from the Kathmandu to take advantage of the trade route between India and Tibet.

Narrow stone-paved streets are lined with old brick buildings and filled with simple village life. Tansen is a great place for walking, too. Maps and a brochure guide for walking tours of the town are available at the tourism office.

The picture above is one of old brick buildings along the bazar streets. A Nepali restaurant was across from it and I sketched this from there. From the very left, shoe shop(closed), grocery store, stationery store, and electric appliance shop.

Regular buses leave for Tansen from Kathmandu (8-10 hours). Tansen lies 40 km north of Butwal. Lumbini, the sacred birthplace of Buddha, lies 40 km southwest of Butwal. Belahiya( referred to as Sonauli in India side), the most popular border village crossing between Nepal and India is very close to Lumbini.

mountain road & railway station

There were lots of unpaved roads in the past. But it is getting difficult to find them. The picture above shows a forest road near Gyeongsan. Only a very few people are usually seen on it. I just sometimes meet a group of mountain bikers while walking along this road. This dusty unpaved one always reminds me of the past time that will never return. Such is life?

It has been raining in front of Daegu railway station. People wait for buses at the bus stop in the early evening.

spring in Gyeongju

Gyeongju 경주 lies about 70 km east of Gyeongsan. It was the capital of the Silla Kingdom for 992 years(B.C 57 - A.D 935). Gyeongju Historic Areas contain a variety of outstanding examples of Korean Buddhist art, in the form of sculptures, reliefs, pagodas, and the remains of temples and palaces, so it is often called an open-air museum.

In the middle of Gyeongju, just outside the downtown area, is Banwolseong(반월성, half moon palace) site, upon a crescent shaped hill; it is one of Silla's palace ruins. To the south Namcheon(남천, the south stream) forms a natural defense.

The tombs near the center of Gyeongju, about 70 km east of Gyeongsan were constructed during the early stages of Silla dynasty and have yielded many treasures, including a gold crown.

Gate of traditional Korean house. People walk along the same path.

Down from Banwolseong in Gyeongju, Cheomseongdae Observatory built in the middle of the 7th century is located. The observatory consists of 362 granite stones. A rapeseed field between Banwolseong and Cheomseongdae.

Origin of the flag of Nepal

When I stayed in Nepal, I had been to many Hindu temples and found pennant-looking decorations made from copper at the gates of the temples. The moon on the left represents the royal house. The sun on the right symbolizes a branch of the Rana family. The below one is the holy jar called Parna Kalash. The flag of Nepal (Nepal Ko Janda) is the only non-rectangular national flag, based upon the two separate pennants. The flag of Nepal is on the right.

slogans

Let's study hard! (On the left side)

Success in life depends on how you spend three years in high school!

Slogans were written on the wall outside a high school in Gyeongsan. During the military dictatorship, numerous slogans were easily visible on the streets in Korea. Time has passed, though. Some Koreans still love slogans as well.

winter

spring

Spring is just around the corner, or winter has gone.

Jesus' Invitation

"Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. "
(Photo taken in front of Myeongdong Catholic Church in Seoul, Korea)

around a temple

One of the rooms in the Buddhist temple. People have to take off their shoes before entering rooms. A dog is looking at me in the Buddhist temple. Warm sunshine melts the snow and lower parts of rice on harvested field show up. 

small star restaurant

There is a famous Tibetan restaurant named Small star near Thahiti tole in Kathmandu, Nepal. Delicious, simple, cheap, friendly, warm... Who can properly describe this Tibetan restaurant? Many Koreans, Japanese, as well as some westerners, love this restaurant so much. Thunba is a traditional Tibetan hot beer. Once tasted, you will never forget !!!

You will not see the same restaurant as this picture anymore, because the Tibetan owner pulled down this old Newali building in 2003, and constructed new concrete building instead. Many foreigners remembering the romantic atmosphere feel sorry to see the new westernized building.

The sketch on the right depicts the interior of the restaurant. The room has simple ceiling made of bamboo and bare ground. Thunba jars are on the tables. They usually use bamboo straws to drink Thunba 3 minutes after pouring hot water into the wooden jar filled with fermented cereal from the Himalayas. Customers are advised to repeat this 3 or 4 times. I had difficulties to draw this one because of crowded customers and dimly lighted room but tried to describe the interior in detail.

Can you look for owner's license, electric rice cooker, vacuum bottles, electric fans, Dalai Lama's photo, freezer, clock, coke bottles, menu board, kitchen, towel, calendar and momo & chowmin(Tibetan food) with chopsticks?

Small star restaurant was newly rebuilt at the site of the previous one in 2003. The room is very clean, light and tidy. Local people and tourists love it as it used to be. The warm-hearted owner and her family are as busy as ever. Her big and bright smile is the same as usual.